Gum diseases (periodontal means 'around the tooth'). These are diseases that affect the gums, bone, and other tissues surrounding the teeth. They are not necessarily painful diseases, so it's possible that you may be suffering from them without realizing it. A correct diagnosis and distinguishing the specific disease are essential for the treatment provided by the most appropriate specialist.
Why does periodontal disease develop?
They are primarily caused by bacteria found in the dental plaque surrounding the teeth and gums. However, there are other factors that contribute to their development or are associated with them, such as misalignment of teeth, medication use, hormonal changes, genetics, poor diet, habits like smoking, autoimmune diseases, bite overload, diabetes, bruxism, certain distant organ diseases, among other causes.
How does periodontal disease manifest itself?
There is a broad classification of periodontal disease that is constantly updated by the World Health Organization (WHO) and periodontics associations. However, let's discuss 2 types of periodontal diseases and their corresponding treatments:
Gingivitis: This is the simplest form of periodontal disease and responds well to timely treatment. It is caused by dental plaque that adheres to the gums and introduces toxins into the tissues. Symptoms: Red, swollen, and sensitive gums that bleed easily. Treatment: Consulting a specialist is essential because a deep cleaning will be performed to remove the buildup of dental plaque. Antibiotics may be required, along with proper oral rinsing to continue the treatment at home through excellent daily oral hygiene. High-Risk Population: Pregnant women, diabetic patients, women taking contraceptives, patients on high blood pressure medications, steroid users, and smokers are at higher risk.
Periodontitis: If gingivitis is not addressed and dental plaque progresses to infiltrate below the gum line, periodontitis develops. In this case, the gum recedes due to plaque contamination, leading to bone loss around the teeth, and in some cases, tooth loss may occur.
It is important to visit a specialist to prevent further bone erosion and more extensive gum damage, as the disease is progressive and destructive.
There are several degrees of periodontitis: mild, moderate, and advanced. Treatment can range from simple removal of tartar and dental plaque below the gums to scaling, regenerative procedures, soft tissue grafting, or crown lengthening."
Gum disease symptoms
Gum disease symptoms include:
Persistent bad breath
Red or swollen gums
Very sensitive or bleeding gums
Pain while chewing
Loose teeth
Tooth sensitivity
Receding gums or teeth that appear longer than normal.
How to prevent periodontal diseases?
The mouth is full of bacteria. These bacteria, along with mucus and other particles, form a kind of colorless plaque that deposits on the teeth.
Routine oral hygiene is essential: brushing with a good technique and a good toothbrush, proper use of dental floss, mouth rinses, and tools to improve cleaning in hard-to-reach places.
Regular visits to the dentist for professional cleaning and constant monitoring of the condition of your teeth and current restorations.
Maintain a good diet and overall health. If you have any illness or are taking any medication, it's necessary to discuss this with your dentist.
Visiting the dentist and having a good dental cleaning every 6 months are the basic steps to prevent gum diseases. At Dr. | A® Dentistry, we have a team of specialists at your service who analyze your case, providing the best solution to achieve a spectacular smile.
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